The Fra Mauro Map is a round map of the world 1459 (with a diameter of about 2 meters) by the Venetian monk Fra Mauro from the island of Murano and cartographer Andrea Bianco. The masterpiece was commissioned by the future Portuguese King Afonso V, who praised the craftsmanship and provided the Senate of Serenissima with information about Portuguese discoveries off the coast of Africa, as well as information about the inland of West Africa.
Only two copies of Fra Mauro World Map have remained up to the present — the original in Venice and a copy in the British Museum — but they are enough to establish a high degree of professionalism and accuracy of Fra Mauro as a cartographer. In keeping with tradition of Arab cartographers, he placed the south at the top of the map, not the north; he also doubted that Jerusalem was the center of the inhabited world. According to inscriptions on the maps, he shared the opinion about the spherical shape of Earth.
The map describes Rus' in great detail, divided into the Black one (RossiaNegra), the White one (RossiaBiancha) and the Red one (RossiaRossa); the word Rus' itself occurs in the Greek form of Russia (Rossia). The territory of the Golden Horde is presented in detail.